The Great White Wall Essay -- Australia Immigration Migration Papers

The Great White WallFor most the great unwashed, someone within their ancestral lineage has immigrated to a new bucolic. immigration has been perceived as a way to provide and enhance personal opportunities (McConville p 73). Overpopulation began to be a problem in galore(postnominal) of the great empires in the early 19th century, and out-migration seemed to provide the best opportunity for people to better themselves in a new world (McConville p 73). Rather than draining the resources within one society, people were given the opportunity to form a new life and use the resources in another belt down (McConville p 73). The Great White WallAustralia became pictured as a haven from industrial capitalism (McConville p 73). Many immigrants began to flood into the land where opportunities could be found. However, Australia flourished within a white society, providing only racial ideals to rationalize and condone the colonial conquest, cultural domination, racial exclusion and e conomic inequality (Evans p 175). As McQueen put it, Racism was the most important single component of Australian nationalism (McQueen p 29). Australia built a white wall against any non-European immigrant and through and through racism as well as constitution segregation and sometimes even exclusion of non-whites was sustained.The influx of immigrants from around Europe and surrounding nations began to integrate into Australia and gave spring to a nation of opportunity. In the mid-1800s the attractor of men of energy to produce a stable working force for the economy became the basis for some(prenominal) policies set up to help integrate immigrants into the country (McConville p 74). Immigration assistance became established primarily for agricultural workers and single women (McConvi... ..., 1975.Iredale, Robyn, Guest Lecturer for GEOS 382 24/10/02, University of Wollongong, Spring 2002. Jupp, J, From White Australia to Woomera The Story of Australian Immigration, Cambri dge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2002.McConville, C, Peopling the Place Again in Burgmann V and Lee J (eds), A Most Valuable Acquisition, A Peoples History of Australia Since 1788, Penguin Books, Ringwood, 1988.McQueen, H, A raw Britannia an Argument concerning the Social Origins of Australian Radicalism and Nationalism, Penguin Books, Ringwood, 1970.Price, C, The Great White Walls are Built Restrictive immigration to uniting America and Australasia 1836-1888, Australian Institute of International personal matters in association with Australian National University Press, Canberra, 1974.Selleck, Bruce, GEOS 382, University of Wollongong, Spring 2002. The Great White Wall Essay -- Australia Immigration Migration PapersThe Great White WallFor most people, someone within their ancestral lineage has immigrated to a new country. Immigration has been perceived as a way to provide and enhance personal opportunities (McConville p 73). Overpopulation began to be a pro blem in many of the great empires in the early 19th century, and emigration seemed to provide the best opportunity for people to better themselves in a new world (McConville p 73). Rather than draining the resources within one society, people were given the opportunity to form a new life and use the resources in another land (McConville p 73). The Great White WallAustralia became portrayed as a haven from industrial capitalism (McConville p 73). Many immigrants began to flood into the land where opportunities could be found. However, Australia flourished within a white society, providing only racist ideals to rationalize and condone the colonial conquest, cultural domination, racial exclusion and economic inequality (Evans p 175). As McQueen put it, Racism was the most important single component of Australian nationalism (McQueen p 29). Australia built a white wall against any non-European immigrant and through racism as well as policy segregation and sometimes even exclusion of non-whites was sustained.The influx of immigrants from around Europe and surrounding nations began to integrate into Australia and gave rise to a nation of opportunity. In the mid-1800s the attraction of men of energy to produce a stable working force for the economy became the basis for many policies set up to help integrate immigrants into the country (McConville p 74). Immigration assistance became established primarily for agricultural workers and single women (McConvi... ..., 1975.Iredale, Robyn, Guest Lecturer for GEOS 382 24/10/02, University of Wollongong, Spring 2002. Jupp, J, From White Australia to Woomera The Story of Australian Immigration, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2002.McConville, C, Peopling the Place Again in Burgmann V and Lee J (eds), A Most Valuable Acquisition, A Peoples History of Australia Since 1788, Penguin Books, Ringwood, 1988.McQueen, H, A New Britannia an Argument concerning the Social Origins of Australian Radicalism and National ism, Penguin Books, Ringwood, 1970.Price, C, The Great White Walls are Built Restrictive immigration to North America and Australasia 1836-1888, Australian Institute of International Affairs in association with Australian National University Press, Canberra, 1974.Selleck, Bruce, GEOS 382, University of Wollongong, Spring 2002.

hemophilia Essay -- essays research papers

haemophilia is a genetic bleeding disorder. People who have hemophilia have a deficiency or an absence of a coagulation protein. A blood clotting factor is deficient or absent. Bleeding is most often into joints, such as the knee, elbow, or ankle, but bleeding can occur anywhere in the body. People with hemophilia bleed longer, not faster. The severity of hemophilia varies greatly. Hemophilia A and Hemophilia B are the most common genetic bleeding disorders. Hemophilia A is observed in 80 percent of hemophiliacs and is a deficiency or absence of Factor VIII. It can also be referred to as "classic" hemophilia. In the second most common, hemophilia B, factor IX is missing. This is also know as the "Christmas Disease" because of the surname of the first patient studied. Hemophilia was identified as early as biblical times. Doctors in medieval times were known with it as well. In 1803, a Philadelphia doctor published the first description of hemophilia in the United Sta tes. But it was not until 30 years posterior that hemophilia became widely recognized. Hemophilia later developed a reputation as the " olympian disease" because it passed from Queen Victoria of England to her descendants throughout the royal houses of Europe. About eighty percent of all cases of hemophilia have an identifiable family history of the disease in other instances, it may be attributable to a spontaneous mutation. Researchers recently discovered that the spontaneous mutation of the factor VIII gene in two children was due to the attachment of a foreign "jump gene" that disrupted the blood-clotting ability of the factor VIII gene. Inheritance is controlled by a recessive sex-linked factor carried by the mother on the X chromosome. A probability of one in two exists that each boy born to a recipe male and a carrier female provide be hemophiliac and the same chance that each girl of this union will be a carrier. Of the children of a hemophiliac male and a normal female, all the girls will be carriers and all the boys will be normal. Males cannot transmit the disability, and female carriers are free of the disease. Conventional wisdom suggests that 1 in 10,000 males in the United States have hemophilia. However, increased research and focus, on bleeding disorders in general and on bleeding disorders in women specifically, suggest a shift in what... ...h factor VIII replacement therapy is best for them. Inhibitors are proteins called antibodies that are made by our immune brass to defend us from harmful disease. When our immune system identifies a foreign substance, it makes antibodies that will specifically recognize that substance and destroy it. In some individuals with severe hemophilia, the factor VIII replacement therapy is identified as a foreign substance by their immune system. If this happens, their immune system will make antibodies against factor VIII. These antibodies will inhibit the ability of the factor to race in t he clotting process. The higher the antibody or inhibitor level, the more factor VIII replacement therapy it takes to overcome the inhibition and produce clotting. This can complicate the treatment of a bleed. The good news is that there are different types of therapies available to successfully treat most individuals who develop inhibitors. Work Cited Louis Levine, B.S., M.S.Ed., A.M., Ph.D. Professor, Department of Biology, City College of New York. "Hemophilia," Microsoft Encarta Online cyclopedia 2000 http//encarta.msn.com 1997-2000 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Importance of Brackets in Virginia Woolfs To The Lighthouse Essay

Importance of Brackets in To The Lighthouse Here Mr. Carmichael, who was reading Virgil, blew out his candle. It was midnight. Mr. Ramsay, stumbling along a passage integrity dark morning, stretched his arms out, but Mrs. Ramsay having died rather suddenly the night before, his arms, though stretched out, remained empty. Prue Ramsay died that summer in some illness connected with childbirth, which was indeed a tragedy, heap said, everything, they said, had promised so well. A shell exploded. Twenty or thirty young men were blown up in France, among them Andrew Ramsay, whose death, mercifully, was instantaneous. Mr. Carmichael brought out a volume of poems that spring, which had an unexpected success. The war, the great unwashed said, had revived their interest in poetry. The text from To The Lighthouse, quoted above, is the sum total of all bracketed asides that appear in the novels second section, Time Passes. The compelling question is, why were brackets chosen to e mphasize this particular information, and how do the bracketed sections fit in with the rest of the section? Obviously, one purpose of the brackets is to convey personal information about the family in the middle of a narrative dedicated to the empty summer house. Death of a family member occurs in three out of the five sets. This is an effective plot thingamajig to fast-forward time and to age the surviving characters. But Woolfs text is not heavily burdened with plot devices, generally. Her prose is whittled to its b atomic number 18 essence. So the brackets must mean more than self-aware literary trickery. The first and fifth bracket sets are like bookends, both about Mr. Carmichael. In the first, the information about him blo... ...e powerful when read in the center of the rest of the text, the story of a dying family, a deteriorating house, a falling away of the light from the lighthouse. They also remind the reader that life and death experience beyond plac es of sentimental houses. The brackets themselves add an emphasis beyond what is possible with a parentheses. Are they as strong as a voice-over would be in a movie? I dont think so. Rather, I imagine them as dialogue, spoken in the voices of children, neighbors, and documents, background noise that add to the overall effect but are only a tiny portion of the text that surrounds them. Works Cited and Consulted Latham, Jacqueline, ed. Critics on Virginia Woolf. Florida University of Miami Press, 1970. Woolf, Virginia. To the Lighthouse. Introduction by D.M. Hoare, Ph.D. London J.M. Dent and Sons Ltd., 1960

A Few Greek Gods Essay -- essays research papers

The AncientGreeks believed in a series of myths which explained nature, set up a moralcode for the nation, and were just folk lore of the people. In this paper,the beginnings of myths, the Greek gods themselves, and several myths concerning moral philosophy, nature, and old lore of the Ancients will be discussed. Because themyths and details about the gods were passed along by word of mouth, some mythsor gods might be interchanged or unalike. The Greek myths startedas folk lore until it began to explain nature and storytellers integr take ind amoral code into the myths. Many myths started out as fairy tales. As newand more efficient farming methods became available to the Greek people theywere face with more time in which to do other things. A people who have wastedevelop a culture all their own. Because Greece was divided into oppositecity- states, populacey of the myths are different. The culture of storytellingbegan to involve explanations of nature such as the creation of t he horse,spider, and such changes as winter and fire along with the creation of manhimself. Slowly, as with any longstanding government, the morals and lawsof society leaked into Greek myths in the form of, "The slain shall be avengedby Nemesis (a force which causes people to get revenge)," or just, "Kindnessand humbleness are rewarded by the gods." Some myths were even created tosupport other myths. The myths started with storytelling and developed intoacomplex system of morals and explanations.The Greek myths were almostfruitless without the intervention of the gods. The gods controlled natureand fought their own battles on the earth, which sometimes caused problems.The first off god was the most powerful one until he had children. The firstgod is called Oranos or in some myths Uranus. He was the first ruler amongthe gods. Uranus was the heavens and Gaea was the earth and thus they weremarried. The couple gave birth to many different and odd children but Uranuswas cruel to them. Then, Chronos was born as the youngest titan. Chronosdethroned his father and soon after married his sister, Rhea. He didnt wanthis children to dethrone him so he ate them. However, Zeus overthrew Chronosand established the first real empire of the gods. Zeus settled disputes betweenthe other gods and made sure the humans werent treated in... ...horselike animals.The gods control the seasons as we know them today in this Greek myth. Hadeswas on the surface of the earth on business when Eros shot him with an arrow.Hades fell in love with Persephone and stole her away into the Underworld.Demeter, Persephones mother, searched for her daughter and when she couldnot find her, froze the earth. Zeus didnt want the earth to wither and dieso he sent Hermes to receive the situation. Since Persephone ate part of a pomegranate,she would stay with Hades part of the year and live on the world the rest ofthe year. All the time she would be gone, Demeter would call out and snow wo uldfall. Fall is caused by her anticipation of her daughter leaving. This mythdemonstrates the power of the gods, the power of love, and how fall and winterhappen.The Greek gods and myths were a vital part to the antediluvian patriarch Greeks.The myths do explain nature and set up an orderly manner in which people shouldact. The myths, however, use gods to explain nature in order to relieverfor pure logic. All the myths have meanings or explanations in which all theancient questions are answered. The Greek myths were vital to Grecian society.

Trumans Decision to use the atomic mom Essay -- American History, War

Trumans decision to use atomic weapons has long been a controversial subject throughout the decades after he used it. many a(prenominal) scholars and people who surrounded the president at the time published memoirs and volumes about the decision to use the weapon. As years went, more works of writing and info were released which added more information to the vast knowledge we have of the decision to drop the bomb and of what the Japanese faced after the event took place. J. Samuel Walker wrote a book called Prompt & utter destruction which uses new knowledge gained about the bomb and new information the Japanese released, which Walker said, has greatly enriched our understanding of the agonizing deliberations in Tokyo over ending the contend (ix).Walker did not take any sides in the book, however, he uses what material from the stolon book and new sources of information to valuate why President Truman made his decision. The main focus of Walkers book is to answer why Presiden t Truman used atomic bombs against Japan and forthright more discussion to the question was the bomb militarily necessary or was it used primarily for political/diplomatic reasons that had more to do with impressing the Soviets than winning the war against Japan? (xii), which Walker said the question divided specialists (xii).Throughout Walkers book, he focuses on President Trumans prize of using the atomic bomb on Japan, Trumans advisers who were General George C. Marshall and Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson agreed that the bomb was necessary. President Truman believed that the bomb was necessary to spare the lives of hundreds of thousands of American soldiers (4). The book points out that Truman never had a categorical choice (5) when choosing to use the... ...e forever by the bomb. On the Japanese side they did decline the Potsdam Declaration. Truman gave the Japanese the choice to accept but the declaration. I admired the United States for giving warning. Walker did give s ome history of post-WWII, but I am particularly kindle in the environmental effect of Hiroshima and how did Japan rebuild after the bomb. I think he lacked in this department when he wrote the book.My final say is the first bomb was necessary and I thought being in American hands was the best thing at the time to have. I think the bet on bomb was unnecessary and I also blame the Americans for not giving ample of time for the Japanese to surrender. The Japanese did downplay the destruction of the bomb and I think this was a flaw. Lastly I thought the book should have had more on post war and onwards of the effects on two sides.

Trumans Decision to use the atomic mom Essay -- American History, War

Trumans decision to practice atomic weapons has long been a disputed subject throughout the decades after he used it. Many scholars and people who surrounded the president at the metre published memoirs and books about the decision to use the weapon. As years went, more works of writing and knowledge were released which added more information to the vast knowledge we have of the decision to drop the bomb and of what the Japanese faced after the event took place. J. Samuel Walker wrote a book called Prompt & utter destruction which uses new knowledge gained about the bomb and new information the Japanese released, which Walker said, has greatly enriched our understanding of the agonizing deliberations in Tokyo over ending the war (ix).Walker did not take any sides in the book, however, he uses what material from the first book and new sources of information to evaluate why President Truman made his decision. The main focus of Walkers book is to reception why President Truman used atomic bombs against Japan and open more discussion to the question was the bomb militarily necessary or was it used in the main for political/diplomatic reasons that had more to do with impressing the Soviets than winning the war against Japan? (xii), which Walker said the question divided specialists (xii).Throughout Walkers book, he focuses on President Trumans choice of using the atomic bomb on Japan, Trumans advisers who were General George C. Marshall and Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson agree that the bomb was necessary. President Truman believed that the bomb was necessary to spare the lives of hundreds of thousands of American soldiers (4). The book points out that Truman never had a categorical choice (5) when choosing to use the... ...e forever by the bomb. On the Japanese side they did decline the Potsdam Declaration. Truman gave the Japanese the choice to accept but the declaration. I admired the United States for giving warning. Walker did give about history of p ost-WWII, but I am particularly interested in the environmental effect of Hiroshima and how did Japan rebuild after the bomb. I think he lacked in this department when he wrote the book.My final say is the first bomb was necessary and I thought being in American hands was the go around thing at the time to have. I think the second bomb was unnecessary and I also blame the Americans for not giving ample of time for the Japanese to surrender. The Japanese did downplay the destruction of the bomb and I think this was a flaw. Lastly I thought the book should have had more on post war and onwards of the effects on both sides.

Target Case

print Corporation Capital outgo Targets Capital Expenditure Committee, consisting of five top level executives responsible for reviewing all large capital project requests, is currently considering 5 projects to match value to the corporation. Their overall goal is to add 100 barge ins a year, while maintaining a positive check off image and watching budget constraints. If the CEC rejects a proposal there argon large fiscal and emotional sunk costs, due to the desire development process.Each project is evaluated in terms of its quantitative, qualitative, and strategic parameters. In calculating the NPV of these projects, Target uses two hurdle rates, 9% and 4% for the store operations and credit-card cash flows respectively, due to the different costs of capital. Funding credit card receivables requires less risk than funding store operations because credit cards do not require many fixed assets and are only issued to individuals with suitable credit history. We have analyzed e ach project, class-conscious them according to value(best to worst i. . 1 to 5), and made a recommendation to accept/reject each one. Project The Barn Rating 1 Recommendation-Accept Construction of this P04 store allows Target to enter a saucy market. This garbment offers the greatest return, with an NPV which is 128% of the $13 million arrangement, and an IRR of 16. 4%. By building this store, Target would be vastly change magnitude its brand awareness in an area that was formerly occupied by its competition.Although the low median income and low percentage of adults with college degrees suggest that the macrocosm may not fit the sublime Target guests, the prototype NPV is still attainable with a slack in predicted sales by 18. 1%. Project Stadium modify-Rating-2 Recommendation-Accept The renovation of this successful SuperTarget requires an investment of $17 million, and provides an NPV of $15. 7 million(92% of investment) and an IRR of 10. 8%. In recent years the facili ty has begun to deteriorate which, coupled with a decrease in sales has begun to tarnish Targets brand image.If the status quo is maintained, sales will decrease until Target is forced to close this facility neer allowing them to obtain this large NPV, nor the $0. 4 million in tax benefits of depreciable property write-off. The full(prenominal) level of median income($65,931) and percentage of adults with college degrees(42%), indicates that this demographic matches Targets ideal customer base, moderating the risk of sales falling short of the predicted amount. By renovating this location Target is revamping the shopping experience as well as their brand image. This store could be returned to its former glory with a small investment and low level of risk.Project Gopher Place-Rating-3 Recommendation-Accept This construction of a new P04 store in a critical market has an NPV of $16. 8 million, 73% of the initial investment of $23 million, and a favorable IRR of 12. 3%. The recent po pulation growth in this area has also attracted the attention of Wal-Mart, who plans to open 2 new supercenters in this area, giving them control of 76% of the market. If Target does not invest here, Wal-Mart may gain a stranglehold in this area, making it impossible for Target to invest here at a later date.If Target does invest in this project, Wal-Mart may reconsider opening a second superstore in this area. Furthermore, building this store would help increase the Target brand awareness in the area. Although the percentage of college graduates(12%) amongst this population is lower than desired, the high median income(56,400) and large population growth(27%) should drive up sales at Gopher Place. While high cannibalization of sales(19%) from separate Target stores and sensitivity to decreases in sales give this project a lower ranking, the benefits of the NPV, IRR, and strategic importance make this project acceptable.Project Whalen mash-Rating-4 Recommendation-Accept Construct ion of this unique store in the center of a major metropolitan area offers an IRR of 9. 8% and an NPV of $25. 9 million. However, these figures do not consider the surmount of a project in which the NPV only accounts for 22% of the $119. 3 million investment. Furthermore, the land for this project must be leased, forcing Target to forego its archetype of purchase land and forcing the CEC into a quick decision to avoid than missing this rare opportunity. Heavy foot traffic round this store will provide Target with a vast increase in brand visibility and awareness, allowing them to offset the large initial cost with a decrease in advertising budget. Whalen Court will be the flagship store in this established market area, where there are currently 45 Target stores. The large population, coupled with a median income of $48,500 and exceptionally high percentage of college graduates(45%) indicates a perfect community for Target to enter. Although we recommend the acceptance of this proj ect, the vast initial investment makes this project less captivating than its peers.Project Goldies Square-Rating-5 Recommendation-Reject While this SuperTarget was to be built in an area of strategic importance its return is not high enough to free the investment cost. The NPV of $0. 3 million is a meager 1. 26% of the investment cost, and its IRR of 8. 1% is less than the required hurdle rate of 9%. The only yard it maintains a positive NPV is due to predicted credit card sales. 12 Target stores exist in the area, implying a large amount of their sales will be cannibalized from other Target stores.In fact, predicted sales at Goldies Square would have to increase by 62. 5% to cover the loss in sales at the other stores and achieve the prototype NPV. In the short run this investment will add to Targets top line, but in the long run it will become a burden to the corporation. Although Target has the necessary funds to invest in each of these projects, we recommend they accept all projects other than Goldies Square. The primary goal of the CEC is to choose projects which bring value and growth to the company while increasing brand awareness and strategic considerations are of secondary importance.This is why the CEC must look past the NPV and IRR and really scrutinize the projects, ensuring resources are allocated to the projects which provide the greatest value to all facets of the corporation. By accepting these tetrad projects and rejecting Goldies Square Target will achieve sustainable growth and an increase in corporate value. After the recent lackluster returns, stockholders and analysts will be pleased with Targets commitment to positive growth and value creation.

Public Education Essay

A free public education is unmatched of the many aspects of American culture that makes it one of the some desirable countries in which to live. In fact, education in America has been a standard duty of the government, particularly the conveys, since public develops were begun in the days of the pilgrims and pioneers. Unfortunately, as the course of studys progressed, education became more(prenominal) than complex and more rigidly structured.Conversely, achievement seemed to lag behind the acceptable level. Therefore, learning for learnings sake was replaced by the trend towards high gearer(prenominal) and higher standardized test scads. Bushs No Child Left Behind (NCLB) mandate pushed trains and teachers into greater accountpower processes. informs created scripted course of study guides that left little room for creativity. The competitive march towards the highest carapace score was on Unfortunately, to the groom systems, its employees and its students, failure to m arch properly carried stiff penalties. Schools faced a variety of sanctions if scores did not rise to the appropriate level or at the appropriate rate. First, schools faced order or even federal intervention.Evaluative and prescriptive teams would work show up the schools to mandate changes in policy, curriculum and even staffing. An different obstacle was p arental prize. For the wealthier, private schools assimilate been an alternative to lagging public schools for years, but in the earliest 1990s, the school voucher plan made this option executable to a wider spectrum of families. Ultimately, the voucher propositions never passed the state legislatures (Pipho, 1994).A few years later, charter schools veritable outside the sphere of both public and private schools. These charter schools developed as a way to reform schools and received funds from private organizations and business. The approximation took off even though researchers are quick to note that charter schools ready done little to raise test scores (Vine, 1997) Lastly, the idea of be payment directly appealed to the pocketbooks of teachers and administrators by offering monetary reward for good scores. While observers feel it is wrong to base a teachers pay just on his test scores, researchers feel that because the amounts involved are relatively short, its worth experimenting (Keller, 2006). Each of these new options moved American education appressed and closer to the idea of privatizing schools. The privatization of schools has right off expanded to include the realm of educational consulting. These high-paid individuals are hired by the school systems to aid individual schools in be after strategies for curriculum, classroom management, discipline, finance, and teacher recruiting, to name a few (Sheffer, 2002). In 1994, the Minneapolis school system became the first to hire a consulting firm to run their district. In California, the state superintendent of public instruction was a man who had a background in business as a consultant who helps financially ailing corporations (Pipho, 1994).In 1997, Phyllis Vine reported that twenty-eight states had passed legislation to provide for the hiring of management companies. In the last nine years that number has grown, with both positive and negative reactions from the customers. Teachers complained that the new curriculum was too restrictive and gave them no freedom to teach what they wanted. The consultant responded by asserting that restrictiveness was needed to get the teachers, kids and schools back on track (Hayden, 2005). The conclusion to link private business to school systems does make sense for approximately. Sheffer notes that the obvious similarities between academic work and consulting are the emphasis on analytic thinking, make-up and the focus on research (2002) Thus, more and more states are turning to educational consulting firms to help them refocus on their educational goals. On such state is disseminated multiple sclerosis. Mississippi, as a state, has typically been at the bottom of lists comparing states educational achievements. In the 2005 Smartest State rankings published by Morgan Quitno Press, Mississippi fell devil floating policy from the previous year to 49th (Vermont,2005).Spencer, (2004), attempts to explain the states low achievement and scores by pointing to the socioeconomic and achievement gaps between flannel students and minority students. Even in younger grades, the black and Hispanic subgroups lagged behind the white students in manner of speaking and reading. In middle school, the gap widened alarmingly. Ninety-six of white students scored at proficiency or get around in language, and 94% scored at this same level in reading.But Hispanic students numbers were 9 percentage points start in both domains than whites, while black students were 8 points lower in language and 19 points lower in reading. He goes on to note that the difficulty got progressively worse in the 1990s. Overall, by high school, only one in 50 Hispanic and black 17-year-olds can read and gain cultivation from specialized text-such as the science section of a newspaper compared to about one in 12 white students (Spencer, 2004).Yet, when education officials like Randy McCoy, who is the tupelo Superintendent, are confronted with these figures, they are quick to point out that students of all races do well and students of all races do not do well. The fear seems to be that teachers bequeath be accused of teaching students of different races differently. Yet, Mike Walters, who is a former Tupelo Superintendent, agrees that the achievement gap is due to a difference in expectations.He points to the strongest teachers and notes that their students, regardless of race and socioeconomic status, achieve. Walters offers, We are not expecting students to achieve, and expectations are everything ( Spencer, 2004). The Tupelo district is about 65 % white with most students from lower income homes. Its scores have held steady in the low 80% passport range with an odd surge into the mid 90s in 2003 (Mississippi DOE tryout Data). JBHM has tardily started working with the Tupelo Municipal schools. (Experience, n.d.).One way Mississippi is trying to combat their ailing system is by restructuring its testing program. In September of 2000, the Mississippi visiting card of Education (MBOE) approved State Board Policy IHF-1. IHF-1 changed the graduation requirements beginning with the freshman class entering in 2000. Among the requirements was to pass the subject range test English II, generally administered in the 10th grade. Thus, the first available scores for the class entering in 2000 were recorded in 2001 (MBOE, 2000). This group was expect to graduate in 2004.Another way is by hiring a local educational consulting group to help them work with curriculum. Former Tupelo Superintendent, Mike Walters is now a consultant with the JBHM Educ ation Group in Jackson. JBHM is a general consulting agency that also ope evaluate the JBHM Education Group, LLC. This group was opened in 2000 as an educational management go company with a mission of assisting school communities in their efforts to better organize themselves, and, in turn give the families the support needed to envision the success of their children (Services, n.d.). According to the group, the consults go into the schools and analyze the areas of need as specified by the hiring body. They then, if directed, design a curriculum fashioned after Robert Marzanos viable curriculum, one of his eleven factors of student achievement (Marzano, 2003)JBHMs mission was developed by Mike Walters and cofounder Gary Bailey. It is simply to enhance a schools ability to prepare children for success (Vickers, 2005. p. 3). JBHM has focused recently on developing curriculums for algebra, biology, English, United Sates history and middle school math. Walters says, These are highly- structured, full-blown plans that start with day one and go by means of the end of the school year (Vickers, 2005, p. 3)JBHM, as of their most recent website posting, serves 34 school districts in Mississippi. The do work in other states, including their contract deal of blemish 2006 totaling 1.6 million dollars to work with the Caddo School District in Louisiana (Brumble, 2006). They achieved this contract by boast statistics that ninety percent of the schools they back up showed a rise in test scores (Brumble, 2006). Undoubtedly numerous Mississippi schools are on this list.According to the Mississippi Board of Education schedule from September 10, 2004, a contract was approved with the JBHM Education Group to assist in providing technical assistance to implement the school improvement process in antecedence Schools (MBOE, 2004). As explained in a news release dated December of 2004, Schools that do not meet achievement goals or show judge academic improvement receive a ran king of Level I (Low Performing) with the lowest of these deemed Priority Schools (Town Meetings, 2004).Part of the new Board Policy IHF-1 makes difference the English II test required for graduation for the graduating class of 2004, who were first tested in 2000/2001 school year. These first scores were used for developing scale scores, according to the Mississippi Statewide Testing Program website.The English II test, which replaces the previous language and reading tests mentioned in earlier, has been consistently difficult for low achieving schools in Mississippi. Betty Rose Breazeeale, the Lamar County testing coordinator, agreed by saying that she recognized the need to work on the English II, adding that It is our lowest score, and I think thats a statewide problem (Mees, 2005). According to the Mississippi Department of Education Subject Area Content Test website, the English II testmeasures knowledge of language conventions, reading comprehension and effective writing ski llsThe test consists of two separate administration English II Multiple Choice and English II composingThe 85 multiple-choice, passage-based items are divided into two sections Language Conventions and Reading Comprehension. The writing test includes four writing prompts two level mode prompts and two enlightening mode prompts. Students will select and respond to one of the narrative prompts and one of the informative prompts. Even though the MBOE approved the contract for JBHM to consult in Priority Schools statewide in 2004, some districts had already contracted its services well before then. These districts paid for the services themselves through grants or other local musical accompaniment mechanisms. The tunic school board hired JBHM Education Group for the 2000/2001 school year (Hayden 2002). The Hinds district is actually featured on the JBHM Education Group website, boasting its rise in scores from 2001 to 2003. Others, like the North Bolivar and Neshoba joined the clu b as a result of the Priority School initiative administered by the MBOE. both scores on the English II tests may be compared to the figures reported on the Mississippi Statewide Testing Program website administered by the MDOE. They report figures for 2002 as 70% passing the multiple choice reading and 84% passing the narrative/informative writing test. In 2003 these percentages rose to 78 and 94 respectively, and settled into 85% and 84% narrative/89% informative for 2004. It should be noted that in 2004, the state began reporting the writing fragment of the test as two separate scores, listing the narrative first, then the informative. Analysis seems to aim that scores dropped slightly when this shift took place with the greater drop being in the narrative score (MDOE Test Data).One of the first schools to take advantage of the JBHM consultants, the Hinds AHS school is worthy of its spot on the JBHM website. Hinds County School District is a pretty large district. Hinds AHS is described as a rural, integrated school with an amount to below-average socio-economic base (Hinds AHS, 2006). Beginning with passing rates at only 18% on the English II multiple choice test and 40% on the writing portion when JBHM came aboard, they jumped to 22% and 55% respectively in one year and, from there, to 77% and 92% respectively in the second year ( MDOE Test Data) .For the county itself, which contains seventeen high schools in the area of Clinton, Mississippi, the scores went from passing rates of 72% (reading) and 75% (writing) in 2001 to an 81% in reading and a an 83% in writing (Mississippi Test Data). In the JBHM-operated school (Hinds AHS), more remarkable gains were noted, while other high schools showed less of an improvement. It is hard to deny Hind AHSs phenomenal rises in English II scores. They started out well below the rest of the county and ended up with a passing rate higher than the district average.The Tunica district, an even more rural, plantation area of Mississippi has a past that is rooted in Tunicas plantation lifestyle and its racial separatism. Tunica is a tiny white island in a majority black county (Parker, 2002). Rose Fort High school, associated with JBHM since the onset of the new testing requirements, is comprised of extremely unfortunate black students with only1 % white and 1% other racial students (Rose Fort High, 2006). JBHM director Mike Walters recognizes how Tunicas social issues are reflected in its education when he says, Tunica is in a residential area-building stage right now. They are divided racially still. You cant just dump money in a community like that and expect things to happen. Its going to take a long, long time. (Hayden 2002). Despite its circumstances, however, this single Tunica high school has also made some significant gains in English II scores. The data was not recorded for 2001, but the 2002 scores of 33% passing on the multiple choice portion and the 57% passing on the writing port ion jumped to 54% and 83% respectively in only one year (MDOE Test Data). Again, the advances are astounding.Lamar school district also serves a rural county. It, like Tunica, far exceeds the state average of students on free and reduced lunch, which is generally the yardstick for mensuration the socioeconomic population of a school. The only difference is that students in Lamar are predominantly white. Only one high school of the four reflects a more integrated population (Lamar High Schools, 2006).Their English II scores have shown growth as well. The reading and writing scores have risen from the 87 and 89 percent passing to highs of 92 and 95 percent passing in two years with an odd dip in the reading regurgitate choice scores in 2004. (MDOE Test Data). Even though Lamar began in a less desperate situation, its gains with the help of consultants are also significant. though the percentage gain seems less impressive, most educators realize that gains like this are harder to ac hieve as students scores improve and that each subsequent gain is emphatically cause for celebration.Neshoba school district located in Philadelphia, Mississippi, is a more integrated district that has shown gains through the use of consulting. Classified as a small town district, the students in Neshobas four high schools are more integrated than those in Lamar or Tunica . While more students than the state average qualify for free or reduced lunch, they are socioeconomically better off than Lamar or Tunica students (Neshoba County, 2006). Paid for by a NCLB grant, JBHM began consulting in Neshoba County for the current, 2005/2006, school year to aid primarily with English II and Algebra I in its high schools (Edwards, 2006).The countys English II scores in 2002 were 67% passing in reading and 76 % passing in writing. The scores rose in 2003 to 85% and 89% respectively, but then in 2004 rose to an 89% in reading but fell to 86 % in writing (MDOE Test Data). Some schools fared wors e than others. The system hopes to post scores in the 90s with the consulting firm if the teacher can get on board. Joey Blount, principal of Neshoba fundamental High School, admits to Edwards that the presence of the consultants and the frequent observations make his teachers nervous. Anytime youve got people coming to observe your work, its going to be an uncomfortable situation (Edwards, 2006). Superintendent for curriculum and instruction Beth Jackson concurs. Change can be very difficult for a kettle of fish of people, but in some areas we needed change. We werent happy with our test scores. I think they (the teachers) realize we needed to change, but some are better at it than others (Edwards, 2006). Likewise, the administrators in Moss Point and Meridian Schools are also impressed. Tressie Harper, Moss Point Superintendent, is proud of the gains made in her students English II scores. Moss Point has been working with JBHM since 2003 and in that time has noticed a steady inc rease in reading scores from 55% in 2002 to 60% in 2003 to 63% in 2004 (Vickers, 2005 and MDOE Test Data) to 75% in 2005 (Moss Point High School, 2005).As in Neshoba and Lamar, the writing scores seemed the most erratic rising from 74% to 91% to 71% to 75% in the same four years (MDOE Test Data and Moss Point High School, 2005). Perhaps this could be explained by the aforementioned change in the reporting of writing test scores in 2004. It is possible that the focus of the test shifted slightly at that point as well. Likewise, the single Meridian high school shows similar improvement in English II with a three year rise in percentage passing scores from 2002 to 2004 from 57 to 74 to 77. The writing scores showed a similar rise (MDOE Test Data). Sylvia Autry, Meridian Public School Superintendent claims that she has worked with several educational consultants and that JBHM has been the most focused (Vickers, 2005, p. 3). Both Moss Point and Meridian are characterized by a slightly hi gher black than white student body with the majority on free and reduced lunch (Moss Point High School, 2006) and Meridian High School). North Bolivar is another recent addition to JBHMs client list. A year ago, the MBOE asked the Governor to deem the North Bolivar School District a state of emergency. This designation is reserved for school districts that have over half of the schools coming upon Priority School status. State Superintendent Hand Bounds issued to investigations and concluded that the students needs were not being met (Mississippi Board, 2005). North Bolivar is an exceptionally poor small town district which is 97% black. Its reading scores have barely reached 80% (MDOE Test Data). Score released in 2006 will spread abroad whether or not JBHM will be successful there. all the way JBHM consulting or any consulting agency is not necessary for all school districts. Wealthier more urban areas such as Jackson and Laurel counties consistently post English II scores in the high 80s high 90s. However, when one compares the multiple choice scores of Hinds AHS (77% reading), whose population is significantly more challenging based on socioeconomic factors, to Jacksons (85% reading) , the aforementioned achievement gap appears to be closing.The comminuted role that JBHM plays in this factor is undetermined since all factors cannot be factored in statistically. For example, the threats of school closings and consolidations due to a lack of funds plague systems across the acres as will as in Mississippi. One mother in Lamar district commented about the dip in Lamars 2004 reading scores They the students and teachers) went through so much with the school closingsEverybody here was upset. The teachers were upset. If it werent for that fear, the scores probably would have been just as good as last year 2003 (Mees, 2005).In addition, the 2005 hurricane season devastate education in many parts of Mississippi. About 160,000 students in 271 public schools in 44 school districts in the path of the hurricane have been impacted, said Steve Williams, special assistant to the state superintendents. State Superintendent Bounds said that some schools were unable to have classes for 2-3 months. Some schools were completely destroyed (Hayden, 2005). Clearly this crisis would impact test scores at all levels. One thing is clear. Schools are in need of support services from somewhere. Initial data seems to indicate that consulting firms, while not the perfect answer, do provide the structured support that some schools need. Their exorbitant costs will be prohibitive for some school districts, but perhaps with grant programs, they may still benefit from their services. As the first decade in 2000 pulls to a close, school reform will be steadily underway. The extent of the change and the consultants role in it remain uncertain, but hopeful.ReferencesBrumble, Melody. (2006). Caddo School Board Debates Merits of Consulting Proposal. The Shreveport Ti mes. Retrieved environ 29, 2006 from www.shreveporttimes.com/ Apps/pbcs.dll/article?Date=20060321& kin=NEWS.Edwards, Jeff. (2006). Neshoba Schools Employ Consultant to Improve Scores. The Neshoba Democrat. Retrieved touch 28, 2006 from www.neshobademocrat.com/ print.asp? ArticleID=12190&SectionID=2&Subsectional.Experience. JBHM Education Group, LLC. Retrieved on March 26, 2006, from http//www.jbhm-edgroup.com/experienceHayden, Cathy. (2002). Schools and More Money Plenty of lessons learned. The Clarion-Ledger. Retrieved on March 29, 2006, from http//orig.clarionledger.com/news/0210/14/m01.html.Hayden, Cathy. (2005). Angry Parents Want Shelby Schools Chief Fired. The Clarion-Ledger. Retrieved March 30, 2006 from http//www.clarionledger.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20051113/NEWS/511130388/1.Hinds AHS. (2006). SchoolTree.Org. Retrieved March 30, 2006, from, http//mississippi.schooltree.org/counties-page1.htmlKeller, Bess. (2006). Florida Ready to Demand Bonuses Based on Test Scores . Education Week. Retrieved March 30, 2006 from http//www.edweek.org/agentk-12articles2006/ 02/22/24fla.h25.html?print=1.Lamar High Schools. (2006). SchoolTree.Org. Retrieved March 30, 2006, from, http//mississippi.schooltree.org/counties-page1.htmlMarzano, Robert J. (2003). 11 Factors. What Works in Schools. Retrieved March 30, 2006from http//www.whatworksinschools.org/factors.cfm.Mees, Reuben. (2005). Area Schools Show Mixed Results on Tests.Hattiesburg American. Retrieved March 29, 2006, fromhttp//www.hattiesburgamerican.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20050818/NEWS01/508180301/1002&template=printart.Meridian High School. (2006). SchoolTree.Org. Retrieved March 30, 2006, from, http//mississippi.schooltree.org/counties-page1.htmlMississippi Assessment and Accountability Reporting System. (2006) Mississippi Department of Education. Retrieved March 30, 2006, from http//orsap.mde.k12.ms.us8080/MAARS/indexProcessor.jsp.Mississippi Board of Education. (2000). Graduation Requirements. (S tate Board Policy IHF-1 New Graduation Requirements). Retrieved March 29, 2006, from http///www.mde.k12.Ms.us/ACAD/ID/newgrad.html.Mississippi Board of Education. (2004). Agenda. Jackson, MS 4th Floor Boardroom CentralHigh.Mississippi Board of Education Approves Asking Governor to Declare State of Emergency in North Bolivar School District. News Release. (2005). Mississippi State Board of Education. Jackson, MS communications Dept. MBOE.Mississippi Department of Education Test Data Retrieval System. (2004). Mississippi Department of Education. Retrieved March 29, 2006, from http//www.mde.k12.ms.us/ACAD/TD04/S9D3LST.HTM.Moss Point High School. (2005). Great Schools.Net Retrieved March 28, 2006 from http//www.greatschools.net/modperl/achievement/ms/649Moss Point High School. (2006). SchoolTree.Org. Retrieved March 30, 2006, from, http//mississippi.schooltree.org/counties-page1.htmlNeshoba County. (2006). SchoolTree.Org. Retrieved March 30, 2006, from, http//mississippi.schooltree.org /counties-page1.htmlParker, Laura. (2002). Abandoned Education Tunicas schools struggle with leftovers andneglect. APF Reporter 18 (2). Retrieved March 30, 2006 from www.aliciapatterson.org/APF1802.htmlPipho, Chris. (1994). Taxes, School Boards, and Higher Education. Phi Delta Kappan 75 (5), 358-359.Rose Fort High. (2006). SchoolTree.Org. Retrieved March 30, 2006, from, http//mississippi.schooltree.org/counties-page1.htmlSheffer, Hadass. (2002). Careers in Educational Counseling. The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved March 28, 2006, from http//chronicle.com/jobs/news/2002/06/ 2002062801c/printable.html.Services. JBHM Education Group, LLC. Retrieved on March 26, 2006, from http//www.jbhm-edgroup.com/servicesSpencer, Mack. (2004). Achievement Gap. Northeast Mississippi Daily Journal. Retrieved March 30, 2006 from http//www.djournal.com/pages/story.asp?ID =59381&pub=1.Town Meetings Scheduled for Priority Schools News Release. (2004). Mississippi State Board of Education. Jacks on, MS Communications Dept. MBOE.Vermont Named Smartest State. (2005). Results of the 2005 Smartest State Awards. Retrieved March 30, 2006, from http//www.morganquitno.com/edpress.htmVickers, Harriet S. (2005) Educational Consultant Business Sees Fast-Paced Growth Employees have bought into our mission, says JBHM Education Group president. Mississippi Business Journal 27 (19), 3.Vine, Phyllis. (1997). To food market, To MarketThe School Business Sells Kids Short.The Nation 265 (7), 11-16.

Emerging Issues Essay

Emerging Issues Paper In todays society emerging issues in multiculturalism are affecting people in new ways. Professionals in the health care industry are facing new challenges and are realizing the changes they need to pull ahead in to continue to help those in need. Individuals are changing as well and becoming uniquely multicultural themselves. These issues affect society and how culturally diverse groups interact alone still allow them to live together and share distributively others experiences. CounselingProfessionals present the issue of how to have successful practices when they are working with clients from so many different backgrounds. Psychologist, counselors, and mental health care professionals are in an ever-changing and demanding position dealing with much(prenominal) a multicultural society and the issues each culture faces. Counseling and therapy for individuals from different cultures shadower be challenging for todays professionals because non only are to days issues ever-changing but so are the cultural views and backgrounds.Cultures are becoming intertwined especially here in the United States and professionals are facing new issues helping individuals deal with problems cerebrate to possessing several cultures and backgrounds. Professionals should have a comfortable instinct of their receive cultural beliefs and backgrounds before trying to understand the beliefs and issues of others. Once a Professional is comfortable and understands his own beliefs, he can then learn about the beliefs and values of other cultures without casting judgment or having a close mind with his clients. If counselors lack suitable training in multicultural counseling it is likely that they also lack the skills to deal with ethical issues presented by clients with multicultural backgrounds (Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 2003, p. 1). Professionals today face the issue of differences in culture and race. Members of the same race h ave different cultural beliefs and practices so it may be easy for a professional to compose confused about a person and his culture if they are viewing the person by their race.For example, the Hispanic race has different cultures including Mexican, Cuban, and Puerto Rican. The professional needs to gather detailed information to understand each client and his individual needs. Professionals with a lack of knowledge on multicultural issues can lead to negative outcomes such as a misdiagnosis or a client feeling misunderstood. This issue can have an impact on our entire society if professionals are not fully trained and capable of dealing with todays multicultural issues.If clients are not being properly treated their entire lives can be affected, which can affect the lives of their families and their communities. Professionals should also understand counseling practices throughout the world to better help clients with treatment. Understanding these practices can help clients to in teract with diverse groups by allowing them to understand other cultures as well. Multicultural Identity Multiculturalism is very apparent in the United States today most people enjoy and accept the position that they have several cultures within their own family.Today multicultural families not only have issues with their own identities but also they must raise strong, secure, and multicultural children. The amazing thing about the United States is that people are free to express themselves and become independent. This freedom allows cultures to explore and express their traditions and practices without others looking down on them. Not to say that racism and discrimination is not apparent in the United States because it is, but most people living here have an understanding that we are in a multicultural society.Technology has had a large affect on multiculturalism and allows people to better understand themselves and others as well. Accompanying the ontogeny of human communicatio n has been the erosion of barriers that have, throughout history, geographically, linguistically, and culturally separated people (Adler, 2002, p. 1). Some individuals may find growing up with a multicultural family can be confusing, whereas others may see this diversity as a blessing and exciting.The multicultural person may sometimes feel as though he cannot specifically identify himself with one race or culture but with the right sources he can receive help on his unique needs. The multicultural person will have an easier time interacting with other culturally diverse groups because he already has an understanding of his unique needs. Conclusion Counseling and multicultural individualism are both emerging issues in multicultural psychology. These issues will continuously change as our society changes and incorporates new ideas and beliefs and although these issues can be challenging, they can be rewarding as well.

Managerial Accounting Quiz 1 Essay

Chapters 1 and 210 Points1. Complete the answer sheet below by placing an X under each heading that identifies the cost involved. The Xs bottom be placed under more than one heading for a single cost. (5 Points)Variable courtFixed CostDirect MaterialsDirect travailManufacturing OverheadPeriod CostMaterials costsXXProduction line workers wagesXXProduction Equipment rentalXX milling machinery Building depreciationXXAdvertising costsXX2. A partial listing of costs incurred at Rust Corporation during August appears belowPurchases of cranky materials $ 135,000Direct labor 73,000Factory Utilities. 11,000 Sales Commissions 69,000 Administrative Salaries.. 101,000 verifying dig up 89,000 Depreciation of Production Equipment. 18,000 Indirect Materials 10,000 Depreciation of Office Copy Machine.. 5,000Raw materials inventory, beginning 97,000Raw materials inventory, ending 84,000Work in cognitive operation inventory, beginning 39,000Work in do inventory, ending 52,000 accurate goods in ventory, beginning 106,000Finished goods inventory, ending 71,000a. Prepare a Schedule of Cost of Goods Manufactured in good form. (3 Points)Direct MaterialsBeginning raw materials inventory $97,000Add Purchase of raw materials 135,000 Raw materials available for use 232,000Deduct Ending raw materials inventory 84,000Raw materials used in yield $148,000Direct Labor 73,000Manufacturing Overhead 118,000Total manufacturing cost 339,000Add Beginning work in act inventory 39,000378,000Deduct Ending work in process inventory 52,000Cost of goods manufactured $326,000b. Compute the Cost of Goods Sold. (2 Points)Finished goods inventory, beginning$106,000Add Cost of goods manufactured 326,000Goods available for sale 432,000Deduct Finished goods inventory, ending 71,000Cost of goods sold $361,000Managerial Acctg Quiz 2 Fall 2012 NAME__ _______________________Chapters 3 and 410 Points1. Pence Company is a manufacturing firm that uses job-order costing. Thecompany applies operating cost to j obs using a predetermined command processing overhead time rate based on machine-hours. At the beginning of the year, the company estimated that it would work 44,000 machine hours and would incur $176,000 in manufacturing overhead cost. During the year the following actual costs and hours were incurredJob A Job B Job C Job D Direct Materials$ 135,000 $ 129,000 $ 98,000 $ 103,000 Direct Labor $ 80,000 $ 85,000 $ 63,000 $ 68,000 Machine Hours 12,000 13,000 8,000 14,000 Number of Units 50 35 60Indirect Materials used $ 34,000Indirect Labor $ 63,000Selling Costs $134,000Factory Utility Costs $ 14,000Factory Depreciation $114,000Administrative Salaries $157,000Required (5 points)a. Compute the predetermined overhead rate176000/44000= 4.00b. Compute the amount of overhead applied to each job.A.12000*4= 48000 B. 13000*4= 52000 C. 8000*4= 32000 D. 14000*4= 56000c. Assuming that Jobs A, B, and D were substituted during the year, compute the total cost charged to each job and the unit cost of the product produced.A.5660B.8543D. 3983d. Compute the eternal sleep in Work In Process at the end of the year. 161,000e. Compute the amount of overhead under or overapplied.176000-161000= 15000f. Assuming the amount is not material, write the journal entry required to close the manufacturing overhead account at the end of the year. Work in Process 161,000Manufacturing Overhead161,0002. Elton Company uses the weighted-average method in its process costing system. The company adds materials at the beginning of the process in Department M. vicissitude costs were 75% complete with respect to the 4,000 units in work in process at May 1 and 50% complete with respect to the 6,000 units in work in process at May 31. During May, 12,000 units were completed and transferred to the nigh department. An analysis of the costs relating to work in process at May 1 and to production activity for May followsMaterialsConversionWork in process 5/1$26,200$19,370Costs added during May$26,900$29,38 0RequiredUsing the weighted-average method, determine the Equivalent Units of Production for Materials and Conversion Costs, the Cost per Equivalent Unitfor Material and Conversion Cost, and the total product cost per Equivalent Unit. (5 Points)Equivalent units of productionMaterials Conversion Transferred to next department.. 12,000 12,000 Ending work in process (materials 6,000 units 100% complete conversion 6,000 units 50% complete).. 6,000 3,000 Equivalent units of production 18,000 15,000 Cost per Equivalent UnitMaterials Conversion TotalCost of beginning work in process.. 26,200 19,370 Cost added during the period.. 26,900 29,380 Total cost (a) 53,100 48,750 Equivalent units of production (b) 18,000 15,000 Cost per equivalent unit, (a) (b). 2.95 3.25 Total $6.20

A Life Lesson from My Grandma Essay

The tears rolled d make profusely as I held the telephone receiver in my hand. My aunt was still on the other end, demanding that I immediately rush over to Grandma Marys house. At this instant, my gut instinct responded by tightening up indicating that something was unquestionably wrong. And it was only then memories of her youthful days flashed across my mind, reminding me of her mantra, You must never eachow anyone to steal your joy. And it appeared as if she was standing right beside me, but I knew it was just a fragment of my imagination. I confirmed there and then to myself, I recognized now that I had lost someone, but I would have something with me for life, the value of unconditional love my grandma often displayed amongst her family and her dwells by extension, and she would always reiterate how much she wanted it to live on.Granny Mary was like a female Goliath. Blessed with a dark chocolate skin tone, moles and wrinkles faecesvassed her face which we often referred to as the storylines of her life. But the positivity she gave off could connect a grounded telegraph on a cold winter night. How she did it, she alone knew. I remember her making ends meet, and providing food for her family after two failed marriages. As the other half of her twin, Uncle toilet would pay his sister to do his laundry, cook his food and maintain the downstairs of the home which he occupied. And yes, pretty amazing how this money brought up six kids and support my sister and I as the two first grandchildren in the family.Not only did she raise her grand kids, but the entire neighborhoods children were interpreted care of by Aunty Mary also, a name she would always be remembered by. I can still recall how many days the neighbors kids ordain come without food or clothes, but when they left, their tummies were filled, and late evening shower al statey taken. We would all surround granny as she read a bible story and explained the role of each person mentioned in thebibl e. It was as if her joy was ensuring that all children were always happy and knew the value of love. And yes, this stood out most, because to this day, I share the same sentiments when dealing with my daughter and my niece, or all children I interact with on a daily basis.To this day, I could count the number of propagation I saw a toothy smile on her almost daunting face, after that late December afternoon when the hospital called to say my Uncle Brian passed international after being involved in a motor vehicular accident on the Solomon Hochoy Highway. She continued to emphasize that we were totally in control of our own happiness, and we should live life to the fullest always displaying love and making sure all is well with our mortal as we never know when the good Lord will call us home. I remembered her kneeling to pray with her every night before we go to bed. She embedded that prayer was the answer to every problem you can ever encounter in this life and happiness is withi n ones self. Grandma Mary would often have us assist her when she picked peas or fed the chickens in the backyard. We watched the chickens developed from baby chicks to mealtime. And yes, wed joke about it when it was time to catch them to have grandma prepare some great soul food for us.In April 2012, I was able to display the said qualities Grandma Mary embedded in us. I gave birth to a still innate(p) baby boy, and all I saw after giving birth, was my grand- sticks face. How shed often say God is ever to wise to make a mistake, and God sees what we dont. Although I didnt want to hear that at that time of grief, I clearly remembered dreaming her one night, giving me confirmation that all would be well, and continue to love and have faith in God. And as I thought about her the morning after I was discharged from the hospital, I made hot cocoa, and the aroma took me back to twenty years ago when my grandmother was alive. Wed wake up to the aroma of hot cocoa and her preferent Jim R eeve would be blasting through the house, If heavens not my home, then Lord what will I do? And it was as if she strengthened me to mind forward and not regret. I remembered her mantra, and I did not allow the death of my son to steal my joy. I still had my daughter to brighten up my days, and prayers back up me in trusting and believing that God had better plans for me.As an individual, I can associate part of my grandmothers journey to that of mine. No mother comes on this earth with the intentions of having to bury their own child, but all in all, life has to go on. And not just go on, but I am in control of my own joy. The qualities she left us with have continued to reign throughout my family, and every time I sit to tell a story about Grandma Mary, I can safely associate her with love, faith and God. The aroma of hot cocoa today brings a smile on my face, and each time I hear a Jim Reeve play, Ill see her wrinkled face. There is no greater joy in having a loved one live on a lthough they are no longer with us in body. I am one hundred percent guaranteed she is thus happy with the positive value we continue to display. And the deep voice ringing through my head, You must never allow anyone to steal your joy.

Introduction to Duty of Care in Health and Social Care Settings

CU235P/CT235 Introduction to Duty of Care in Health and Social Care or Childrens and Young Peoples Settings 1. Undestand the implications of Duty of Care. 1. 1 Define the terminal duty of shell out. Duty of wish well is an obligation that a person/healthcare worker acts towards others and public with watchfulness, attention and caution in a reasonable and civil way. SU needs to know that his eudaemonia, safety and interest are put in the centre of attention of any healthcare organisation. 1. 2 Describe how duty of care affects own work role.Every healthcare worker has a duty to act accordingly not just towards the clients but also their co-workers, other healthcare professionals and themselves. side by side(p) GCSS Code of Practise keeping knowledge and skills up to date not undertaking procedures outside own competences acting in the best interest of clients ensuring health, safety, welfare of clients adhere to companies policies and procedures 2. Understand support avai lable for addressing dilemmas that may arise about duty of care. 2. 1 Describe dilemmas that may arise between the duty of care and an idiosyncratics rights.Despite all the efforts of healthcare providers to ensure an Individual recieves the best possible care there might arise conflicts and dilemmas between healthcare worker and SU. Those conflicts may embroil refusing a meal, type of activity, refusing medication or a treatment. Arising conflicts should be resolved as livelyly as possible in a most sufficient matter for both sides. The Human Rights Acts states that every person has the right to decide about own life, they can refuse the treatments and medication they recieve.It is essential to explain wherefore they need that particular care and make them aware of pros and cons. 2. 2 Explain where to get additional support and advice about how to resolve such dilemmas. The Line animal trainer is the first person to turn to in any doubt. Family and friends of an Individual ma y be able to help. Other healthcare providers involved in care of an Individual. 3. go to sleep how to respond to opinets. 3. 1 Describe how to respond to complaints. If an Individual is dissatisfied with provided care, he has the right to complain.Every company should have easy to access complaints procedure. When dealing with a complain on one to one basic healthcare worker should take the individual to a quiet and safe place, listen to an Individual carefully, be grave and polite, try to calm down the situation and apologise if necessary, inform an Individual about complains procedure. After the conversation with an Individual the healthcare worker should inform the manager. 3. 2 Identify the main points of agreed procedures for handling complaints.Every complain should be taken seriously and all the actions following a complain should be as quick as possible. If its not possible to solve the problem straight after a complain, the manager should be informed. The contact with a n Individual complaining should be polite and symphatetic. After talking the problem through the management should come up with a path of actions to solve the problem and arrange another meeting with the Individual to make sure the solution is satisfactory. All complains should be documented.

Life Before the Internet and After the Internet Essay

Life was very different before the advent of the Internet. Communication methods were limited, stores were the lone(prenominal) place to buy goods and services, and material libraries were the only place to find information and research. The three biggest changes caused by the Internet are in communication, sales, and access to information. The Internet has changed the way people communicate. It allows for instant and legitimate communication between people across the street or across the globe. In the past, the only ways to send written documents were via fax and postal mail.Faxes were limited because messages could only include two-dimensional text and graphics. The postal mail faced these same issues, as well as the problem with the time it took to send a document through the mail. With the Internet, documents with text, graphics, audio files, video files, and interactive objects fucking now be transmitted quickly to anyone with a simple click of a button. This has changed the way line of descent is done and has made it easier for companies to expand into new markets.On a smaller level, the Internet has allowed people to reconnect with old friends or make new ones. Chat room and social networks such as MySpace. com are becoming increasingly popular as people enjoy the sense of anonymity. The second way that the Internet has changed the serviceman is in the buying and selling of goods and services. With the ability to purchase products online, the business world has changed drastically. Online stores are competing for business, while established brick-and-mortar stores have set up web-based stores as well.Customers can now purchase nearly everything they need from the comfort of their own homes. The Internet has also allowed for quick and easy comparisons of the prices and quality of products and services. The final and most important partake of the Internet is in the access of information. In the past, if you needed to find information on the history of Latin America, you had to go to your local program library. Then, you were limited by which books and resources the library carried. With limited budgets, libraries cannot be expected to carry the best sources for every topic.Today, you can access information on any topic from the Internet through schoolman journals, online encyclopedias, book reviews, and more. In addition, you can find information on every television and radio program, historical events, current events, health issues, scientific discoveries, sporting events, and theories on everything from biomedicine to parenting. Finally, being able to access information online has led to colleges and universities offering degrees where it is not necessary for students to ever step into a classroom.Lectures, PowerPoint slides, notes, and required readings are available on the Internet. In conclusion, the Internet has significantly changed the world in the way people communicate, do business, and learn. The rapidity with wh ich these changes took place suggests that more drastic and exciting changes are mute to come. New and innovative uses for technology are developed every day, and the Internet is a major focus of these developments.

Apple’s After-Sales Service Essay

orchard apple tree call center orchard apple tree call center has 20000 telephones, is the worlds largest call center, the incoming calls are more than 1800000 every solar day and the numbers are increasing. It croup be seen Apples after-sales service is also one of his strengths guest LoyaltyAt a very general level, loyalty is something that consumers may exhibit to spots, services, stores, product categories, and activities. at that place are two advantages of customer loyalty programs. One is to increase sales revenues by raising buy levels, and increasing the range of products bought from the supplier. The other is more defensive by building a closer tie up between the marker and current customers it is hoped to maintain the current customer base.While loyalty programs can nurse many other peripheral goals such as furthering cross-selling, creating databases, aiding trade relations, assisting sucker PRpublic relations, establishing alliances, etc. Apple is a fantastic example of leveraging customer loyalty pillars, but the well-nigh important takeaway is that it is relevant to their customers. They know who their customers are, what they want and how to make them feel like Apple understands them. You cant just try to mimic Apple- you need to know what pillars are important to your own customers in order to generate loyalty.Brand ImageSpeaking of apples brand image, I must mention Steve Jobs. Steve Jobs is a very important person for Apple and for all the stock holders as it way of life billions in stock price for them Shareholder requests for more CSRCorporation Social ResponsibilityApple goes third estate Corporate adaptability. Although he died, but people still worship him. Apple has a strong brand image, which enables it to command a premium price for its products and gives it an edge over regional as well as global competitors. The Apple brand is well recognized amongst most consumers. Apples products enjoy a high level of brand awarene ss and brand recognition throughout all its markets.Moreover, the keep companys brand ranking, as per Interbrand, has been improving in recent years. Apples brand value jumped 84 percent to $153.3 billion in 2011, mostly due to the iPads wild popularity and the iPhones continued growth. Apple leverages its brand image to differentiate its product offering and drive sales. The companys strong brand enables it to command a premium pricing and create significant demand for its products such as iMac, iPod, iPhone and iPad. For instance, the company sold 300,000 iPads on the first day of its launch in the US in April 2010. Strong brand image gives the company an edge over regional competitors and other global competitors such as Sony.

Motivational Leadership Essay

Effective loss leadership has a tremendous impact on the success of an nerve. heartfelt & Heller (2011) infers that with regard to individuals in leadership roles, their thoughts and feelings, fundamentally found on attitudes, thereby also figure the levels of government activityal success and every other aspect of an organizational leaders arena of aspiration (p. 9). Achieving optimal organizational performance is very much so dependent on the intensity of that organizations leaders. Five topics interrelated to leadership effectiveness will be addressed in this paper. (1)Feedback plant life for leadership and tell why you think it could be beneficial. (2) Present an overview of the Contingency Theory of Leadership effectiveness to include Situational Leadership II. (3) Share some ways that you as a leader could lead your attach to in existence socially responsible and creating an ethical organization. (4) Provide a brief analysis of authorisation be certain to include th e relationship between delegation and empowerment. (5) Discuss how leaders gage further police squadwork indoors a group. All of these topics and/or archetypes are essential aspects to achieving high levels of quality, roductivity and satisfaction within an organization.The excogitation of 360-degree Feedback is to formally evaluate an organizations leaders by means of feedback from individuals that work closely with those leaders (e. g. subordinates, colleagues, address supervisors, other superiors, suppliers and/or customers). According to Dubrin (2010), 360-degree Feedback is also referred to as multisource or multirater feedback, and is systematically derived from a full taste of parties who directly interact with the leader (p. 110). One cross system for organizations to easure leadership effectiveness through the 360-degree Feedback idea is to set up a system utilizing the internet or the organizations intranet. That system should be based on the attri butes that o rganization deems to be the most significant and valuable. The 360-degree Feedback is of great earn to leaders in providing them insight into the effectiveness of their behaviors and styles.The feedback mainly serves for developmental purposes (behaviors, attitudes, and styles), and not for the purposes of evaluating the leaders performances. The 360-degree Feedback not only benefits the ndividual leaders, but it also is a resilient component to the organization, as a whole. Organizations benefit from 360-degree feedback instrument in the hobby ways (a) individual performance improvement, (b) impact on work goals, and (c) impact on organizational finale (Rehbine-Zentis, 2007, p. 160). The Contingency Theory of Leadership is the assumption that a leaders ability to lead is contingently based on various situational factors, internally and externally.The following are various factors that could greatly influence a leaders effectiveness within heir organization the capabilities of the workforce, the culture within the organization, and the competiveness of market. Leaders who are gull been highly effective within one organization, may not deliver that same effectiveness within a different organization. An important perspective on implementing misadventure leadership is that the leader must be flexible enough to avoid adhering to old ideas that no longer fit the current circumstances or situation (Dubrin, 2010, p. 133). I can definitely see the validity of the theory in reference to my sustain experiences in previous leadership positions.It is absolutely about he ability to successfully and effectively reconcile to different organizational environments. Like the Contingency Theory of Leadership, the Situational Leadership II style is a contingency leadership approach that is solely based on the theory that there is no one particular best style of leadership that fits all situations. This leadership style focuses mainly on the capabilities or behaviors of i ndividuals and/or groups that one leads. Blanchard (1997) asserts, Situational Leadership II advocates that the best leaders render the amount and kind of direction and go for which best fits the developmental evel of the employee (p. 38).As a leader, I can encourage my organization to focus on ethical business practices and social responsibility, beyond profit pursuit, based upon our strategical organizational goals, mission and imaginativeness statements. I would initially ensure that the organizations environment was a positive, engaging culture tributary to intellectual development. Individuals within an organization invest about one-third of their time at work, a sweet work environment increases the chances that their life will be enriched (Dubrin, 2010, p. 181).There would be a significance move on competing fairly and onestly, not causing harm to others (internally/externally), and communicating truthfully. I would ensure that my organization is go goods and services that are valuable and essential to consumers. We would be consistent in providing quality employment to individuals which would benefit them in providing for their families, in the forms of, paying them salaries/wages, offering quality health insurance and/or child condole with services, matching retirement plan contributions, etc. We would also benefit society in maintaining ethical practices in our financial obligations through paying taxes which elps fund education, support government, build highways, as well as provide funds to enhance our local, state and national public safety/defense systems.According to Forsyth (1997), genuine changes to business practices have to be made in order to protect the environment (p. 272). I would ensure that, as an organization, we were utilizing the most up-to-date technology and economic solutions to reduce or alleviate any environmental issues that we faced. My organization would take every possible precaution to not generate unnecessary wast e and pollution through the improper onsumption of resources, as well as from the possible emission of toxic air pollutants piddled by our manufacturing processes. The concept of empowerment involves a power transfer from higher levels of employees to lower levels of employees within an organization (Khalid & Sarwar, 2011).Leaders that give positive empowering practices with their employees are more likely to increase their organizations productivity. When employees are given the hazard to share in the responsibilities of their leaders and/or managers, they feel more powerful and valued. Empowerment is also preferential to an organization, in respect to owering labor costs through the sharing of those managerial responsibilities with its lower-level employees. According to Dubrin (2010), leaders can promote empowerment within their organization through fostering initiatives and employee responsibility, linking work activities to the organizations strategic goals, providing ampl e information to their employees, and by allowing group member or individual employees to choose their preferred method for meeting a goal (p. 205-206).One contributing factor to empowerment is the act of delegation which is more of a formal ssignment of tasks and responsibilities. Delegation, as well as, empowerment can be a very motivational tool which offers individuals the benefit of skill development. The bottom line is that both concepts represent the core principle of accountability. Teamwork is vital to an organizations success. Being that teams consist of individuals with different backgrounds, beliefs, ideas and points of view, it is imperative that we always be respectful and borrow the rewards that diversity brings within the team.As leaders, we can foster teamwork within a group through providing team embers with clear descriptions of the teams goals, mission and tasks, commanding performance commitment and excellence, providing direction and feedback, alleviating micr omanagement practices, forming virtual teams utilizing e-leadership, and promote power sharing which ensures that each team member is being heard, taken seriously and treated respectfully (Dubrin, 2010). More importantly, encouraging teamwork and utilizing teams are essential in increasing an organizations productivity and achieving cohesiveness throughout the organization. A leaders ability to build ffective teams committed to organizational goals tops the diagnose of priorities in todays dynamic business landscape (Work at fostering teamwork on the job, 2011).Teams can dumbfound higher-quality solutions, as well as foster creativity and positive energy. Effective teams are capable of being more adept at solving difficult, complex problems than that of the organizations top-performing individuals. Creating teams can also cause an increase in commitment, lower stress levels, diminish internal-competiveness, and promote flexibility in responding to the organizations needs, in rel ation to, business changing.

Traditional Gender Views and the Exceptions

Gender is an concomitantor of an case-by-cases being that permeates all facial gestures of his or her life. From the spot a person is born into the world, he or she is classified either as a womanly or a male. The focusing society treats and reacts to this person is thusly treated accordingly to that initial categorization. What is it then that epitomizes the maleness and the femininity of an individual. How does American society view a feminine individual and how does this differ from how the alike(p) society views masculine individuals?Masculinity refers to a humans personal level or distributor point of manliness. Chafetz (35-36) describes masculinity as being distributed over seven aras physical, functional, sexual, emotional, emotional, intellectual, interpersonal, other personal characteristics.A masculine individual is said to be virile, strong, open to provide for his family, sexually aggressive and experienced, unemotional, practical, dominating, free, demanding, and success-oriented. Thus an individual who is more(prenominal)(prenominal) than able to take risks and who is better able to exhibit a sense of confidence and independence is considered to be more masculine. Physical attributes such as facial hair, toned muscles, and large body frames argon also more characteristic of individuals who are considered to be masculine.Femininity, on the other hand, is directly linked by the 1996 Websters Encyclopedic unabridged mental lexicon of the English Language to traits such as gentleness, kindness, and patience (708). Feminine characteristics are usually associated with nurturing and invigorating characteristics. The womans handed-down role as a mother and wife are the just about emphasized qualities of a feminine individual. Thus a female who is demure, obedient, and able to display physical attributes that are favored in the life-giving process, such as large breasts, wide hips, and full lips, is considered to be more feminine than most .Studies have shown that a mans traditional view of a female or feminine individual is based heavily on masculine ideology, which focuses centrally on the sexual aspect of a womans breasts and bodies. The propagation of these masculine ideologies were even more stressed by the fact that media continues to portray females as beings whose primarily roles are focused on their sexual bodies. (Ward et al, 712)Many can see, however, that the barriers of traditional gender roles are being broken by modern American males and females. More and more females are found in the workplace, becoming the breadwinners for their family. Females are also seen engaging in extreme and traditional sports. Wo handss roles in American society were seen to drastically change in the late twentieth century as a result of the new opportunities given to them (Mackey & Immerman, 271)There are also men who have opted to rick the stay-at-home parents. It is has become more acceptable for men to show their emotions . And a new breed of men have come to be called metrosexuals, males who indulge in their physical appearance in the same way that was previously only attributed to feminine individuals. The breaking of stereotypes of masculinity and femininity has become rampant in the unite States and this may well prove to be the beginning of the end of the reign o traditional views of masculinity and femininity in American society. Even though sex and gender are clear unconditional divisions established upon birth, the long-established ramifications of being male or female and the parameters that these traditions set can be overcome.Works CitedChafetz, Janet S. manly/feminine or human?an overview of the sociology of sex roles. IL F.E. Peacock Publishers, 1974Femininity Websters Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of the English Language. 1996.Mackey, Wade, C., & Immerman, Ronald S The fertility paradox gender roles, fertility and cultural evolution Mankind quarterly 45(2005)271-Ward, Monique L ., Merriwether, Ann, & Caruthers, Allison. Breasts are for men media, masculinity ideologies, and mens beliefs about womens bodies. Sex Roles 55(2006) 703-714

Scanning the Environment

Evaluating the relative positions of competitors allows occupation firms to discover threats and opportunities relative to organizational strengths and weaknesses together with an understanding of the political, economic, socio-demographic and technical forces shaping the competitive environment (Saloner, Shepard & Podolny, 2000). Insights from environmental scanning support sound strategies as shown in the succeeding discussion. Demographics and Socio-Cultural Trends and Choice of StrategyDemographics and socio-cultural trends reflect changes in consumption so that the firm that can match the pace of consumer behavior would likely achieve an raciness in the market (Porter, 1998). Amazon market place is responding to the growing adoption, by the niche market of non-price sensitive consumers, of the wellness conscious lifestyle resulting to an increase in demand, for fresh and healthy diet products, especially with media buzz on diet and weight-loss regimen by applying the niche s trategy.Aldis targets a different trend, which is the growth in the spirit to low income group leading to the rise in price-conscious consumers seeking low priced products but of high quality. magnetic core of Advertising on Strategy The audience reached by television and online denote explains the strong impact of denote on business strategy (David, 2007). Amazon Grocery likely engages extensively in advertising by both television and online advertising focused on reaching its targeted niche market.Advertising in the timeslot of food and lifestyle shows and creating websites or forums on healthy food suggestions argon means of reaching the niche audience. Aldis also engages in television and online advertising with a broader perspective because it is targeting a grandr market and it has a wide range of options from airing during the timeslot of childrens shows and soap operas together with company website and forums.Relative Positions of Competitors. Collated information on d emographics and socio-cultural trends and advertising strategies appears to support Aldis better position. Aldis targets a wide range of consumers, which means leeway for enlargement and growth when compared to the easily saturated niche market of Amazon Grocery. Aldis has two encourage offerings, which are quality and low-price allowing the firm to gain a bigger market share while Amazon Grocery only offers the value of quality healthy and organic foods.Recommended Strategy for the Grocery Store Chain. Based on recent trends and changes in the market, the effective strategy for the grocery insert chain is to develop a one-stop store chain providing a section on high quality but low-priced (if not the lowest priced) healthy and organic foods and a section for high quality and low priced (if not the lowest priced) other(a) food items. The grocery could also consider establishing a ready-to-eat and non-food sections both adopting the quality and low price value combination. This would allow the grocery food chain to tap into both the markets of its competitors and reach untapped segments giving it an edge.Strategies and alter Image as Corporate Citizen in the Community Strategies can enhance the image of firms as modify members of the confederation by providing products and serviced that improve the wellbeing of fellow community members (David, 2007). Amazon Grocery supports the health of community members, Aldis empathize with the limits of the purchasing power of residents, and the grocery store chain provides every possible pick up of the community. Conclusion Knowing ones competitive position and that of close competitors supports the development of effective strategies that induce an edge for firms.

Marketing strategies of the mass-market chocolate industry Essay

This announce is an evaluation of the market strategies used in the mass-market chocolate confection industry in the United commonwealth (UK). The four shuffles this report studies in detail are Cadbury, Galaxy, turnout qat, and Maltesers. The UK mass-marker chocolate confectionary market is the biggest in the European Union and sales are heavily reliant on a solid marketing strategy. victimization the four brands mentioned above this report investigated the following, segmentation, targeting and positioning, consumer buyer behaviour, promotion, pricing, product, and placement, kindly media strategies, and conference strategy.Finally, this report gives critiques on the effectiveness of the marketing strategy for the four selected brands and recommendations on how they might improve. Of the four brands studied, only Galaxy uses demographic segmentation by pore on women but all four use behavioural segmentation by focusing on benefits sought from eating chocolate. Cadbury targe ts creative individuals, galaxy targets the indulgent types, Kit Kat targets tired employees, and Maltesers targets those in search of guilt free chocolate.Cadbury positions itself as a creative brand, galaxy as a treat, Kit Kat as a break bar, and Maltesers as the lighter way to enjoy chocolate coffee berry is an impulse good and need recognition is usually stimulated upon seeing the packaging, where as information search is usually omitted or happens very quickly. When it comes to evaluating alternatives consumers, positioning and brand personality come into play. Finally, the choice to buy or not to buy happens very quickly.Cadbury was the only brand found stay in contact with consumers post-purchase by sharing recipes that one could make with Cadbury products. Each of the four brands use adverts, sales promotion, sponsorship, and social media to increase brand awareness. However, no promotional material gives information about pricing because retail outlets set their own price s. close-fittingly mass-market chocolate bars are around the same price and can be found near tills at retail supermarket outlets as well as off-license stores across the nation.All four brands are attached to their consumers via social networks, with the exception of Galaxy and Maltesers who do not have twitter accounts. Each brand uses social networks to reinforce their positioning strategy. Cadbury uses it to encourage creativity and audience participation, Galaxy uses it to remind women of the irresistibility of chocolate, Kit Kat uses it to remind its fans to take a break, and Maltesers uses it to celebrate is 75th birthday.This report concludes by recommending that Cadbury should identify a overt branding message because currently its adverts are always open to interpretation. Galaxy should stay in occupy with customers post-purchase with recipes for irresistible chocolate desserts. Kit Kat should continue having a strong focus for all communication material and Maltesers should communicate its original message, a lighter way to enjoy chocolate, more explicitly.

Reflection essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 7

Reflection - Essay ExampleHowever, technological advancements would have about drawbacks. There will be no privacy in travelling since there will be audits of every route and journey. Secondly, internet connection will not be perfect in paltry offices. Furthermore, ensuring the security of car office can be a challenge as the office is unprotected to criminal activities.Amazon Prime stress is an amazing technology. Jeff Bezos discovery is applicable in transporting packages from star point to another through autonomous drones (Stern 1). The technology will create the convenience of handling small-sized items as one can deliver a package from the comfort of the house. It would enable performance of tasks at a fast rate. The technology will also save on cost of operation. Instead of spending bullion to deliver a particular package, an individual can comfortably send it. However, the technology comes along with several(prenominal) challenges. Packages delivery at the doorstep of t he receiving address may be challenging if the system does not order the specific recipient. Unintended recipient at the receiving address can receive the package.Godsmark, Paul. Dont muzzle the new Google prototype car has implications for your business. May 28, 2014. Web. June 4, 2014. Viewed https//www.linkedin.com/today/post/article/20140528072025-142059068-don-t-laugh-the-new-google-prototype-car-has-implications-for-your-business?trk=mp-reader-cardStern, Joanna. Amazon Prime Air Delivery by Drones Could Arrive As Early as 2015. abc NEWS. December 1, 2013. Web. June 4, 2014. Viewed

Global Communication Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Global Communication Strategies - Essay ExampleExperts attribute these challenges to VUCA, which is, volatile, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity. The attach to emphasises on global interactions by its employees. The employees should demonstrate they have the ability to interact with new(prenominal) foreign communities, and be commensurate to understand their language. In addition, the company offers its employees with intercultural literature for the purpose of studies (Daniel, 1975).The company often faces ethnocentrism barrier. It is hard for the employees to interact with other cultures because of the presence of individuals ethnocentrism. It is a belief that a persons culture is more superior to another. The barrier has prevented progression of interactions. In addition, the company is facing the barrier of intercultural intercourse apprehension. Majority of foreign cultures are anxious when it comes to anticipation of communication between people of different cultures. Those with higher apprehension are less likely to be sociable.The company relied on various strategies to help sort the barriers. There are two strategies push and pull. The company cerebrate on pull strategy. The strategy advocates for a network approach. Experts argued that the push strategy was more hierarchical. In addition, the rail line is supporting the idea bridging different cultures. Pull strategy is the best to create a bridge. It will uphold the business develop more customised goods and services that would serve all cultures (Bollier,